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Lurestan

Lurestan

Main Townships: Aligoodarz, Azna, Borujerd, Dorood, Khoram Abad, Koohdasht, etc. Main Attractions: Falakol Aflak Castle, Gahar Lake, Khoram Abad Tower, Oshtoran Kooh Mountain, Soltani Mosque, etc.

 

Townships, Lurestan

Aligoodarz

The township of Aligoodarz situated in the plains and the slopes of the mountains, experiences a temperate climate. It is 503 km. from Tehran and the Oshtoran Kooh Mountain Ranges and the Aligoodarz River are in this region. In the same vicinity of this current city, another city by the same name existed , but due to unknown reasons is no more. In the past, the Khaneqah or a sort of monastery, was a seat of theology for the Qizelbash and Dervish. Relics such as rectangular bricks and earthenware related to the7th century AH. have been discoveblack here in mountains and hillocks .

Azna

This township is located 36 km. east of Dorood and 24 km. west of Aligoodarz. It experiences cold winters and moderate summers. About 600 years ago the Armenians immigrated to this area, forming the village of Azna. Then the muslims replaced them and took over agriculture. This town ship is en route Esfahan - Khuzestan and is connected to the railway net work of the country.

Borujerd

This township is located 394 km. from Tehran and in the alluvial plains extend to the Zagross mountains in the west. It has a moderate climate in summer and experiences cold weather in winter. Borujerd is one of the oldest cities of Iran, some think it to be from the times of Firooz-e-Sassani and others claim that it existed in the period of 'Yazd Gerd' the third. In the Qajar era, 'Hassam-ol-Saltaneh', who ruled over Khuzestan and Lurestan made Borujerd the center of his rule.

A moat was dug around the city. Enhancing weather conditions, alluvial plains, a permanent net work of a natural water way system, green pastures, trade and communications have attributed to the fact of drawing people to this vicinity.

Delfan

The above mentioned, being in the mountainous area experiences cold weather . Relics discoveblack in this region reveal that the Kasi herdsmen and warriors were of great importance during the Achaemenian and Sassanian period.

Dorood

This township formerly known as Bain-ol-Nahrain, lies between the two rivers of Teereh and Marbareh. Dorood has cold winters and moderate summers. The nucleus of this city at first took shape in the villages where agriculture dominated. But in the recent years the scene has changed to an industrial one.

Khoram Abad

Khoram Abad lies in the mountainous area of Zagross, and this region experiences a temperate climate, where as in the south alongside the plains of Khuzestan it is warm. Khoram Abad is situated 494 km. from Tehran. The territory of Khoram Abad has a rich historical back ground and has seen the rise of many civilizations such as the Kasi, Babolian, Elamite, Sassanid, Saljuqi, Kharazmshahi and ... Relics from these periods are evident in the area, such as ancient and historical castles used to safe guard the rulers against attacks.

Koohdasht

The township of Koohdasht is located to the west of the province. Archaeological studies in areas such as Sorkhdam, Lori, Hamiyan and Sartarhan have revealed that Koohdasht was one of the centers of civilization of ancient Iran. The discovery of an Assyrian temple shows that this area was inhabited even before the first millennium BC. The historian Mostowfi has also mentioned Koohdasht and Tehran in his records; and that these were extinct areas, centuries before the Arab invasion.

Pol-e-Dokhtar

The township of Pol-e-Dokhtar is located to the south west of the province. It has a hot climate due to the influence of warm air currents from Khuzestan. The history of this region intermingles with that of Khoram Abad. This township lies 100 km. from Khoram Abad.

 

Selseleh

Selseleh is located to the north of Khoram Abad and west of Borujerd. The city of Alishtar, 43 km. north of Khoram Abad is its center. The presence of many natural springs and rivers have provided lush green pastures in the area along with the pleasant weather conditions that envelope the same. Clans such as Hosnuvand and Qala'ie are important tribes of this region.

Castles, Lurestan

Bahram Castle, Khoram Abad

The remnants of this castle along with its ramparts or walls is located south of the village of Jolgeh Khalaj (Khoram Abad). The valley being surrounded with stone and mortar for further protection and the castle has only one entrance. A few walls can be observed on top of the valley. This castle held an important position in its own times and is one of the famous castles of ancient Iran.

Changary Castle, Koohdasht

Changary is a name of a mountain, which extends from the north-east of Koohdasht till the Seimareh River. On the peak of this mountain are the remnants of a few castles, the most important of which being the above mentioned. This castle overlooks the plains of Koohdasht. The remnants of this castle extends over an area of ( 100 x 75) sq. m. The said castle is most probably the largest castle of 'madanrud' in the vicinity of Lurestan. In the past, this castle comprised of two sections and each section had several large and small chambers. Today only its northern ramparts are left to be seen.

Falakol Aflak Castle, Khoram Abad

This reputed and historical castle is located on a stony hillock in the midst of the city of Khoram Abad. The original date of construction of the said castle is not known. It was formerly known as 'Shahpour Khast', but from the Qajar era has been called by its current name. On the whole, the circumference of the castle covers a vicinity of 228.60 m. and the elevation of its tallest rampart is 22.5 m. On entering, there is a coveblack corridor, having two chambers on the western and one on the eastern side.

The corridor gives way to the court-yard (31x 22.5) sq. m. and is in a north-south direction. In the north-eastern part of the corridor, eight chambers have been constructed, which lead to a yard having a well which used to provided water of the castle. To the south of the castle is a corridor which also leads to the courtyard.

The second courtyard of the castle, is rectangular with an area of (29 x 21) sq. m. This court-yard runs in an east-west direction having sixteen chambers. In the western portion which is a later construction, consists of fourteen chambers and two corridors.

To the north-east of the castle is a corridor, which leads to a dark room most probably a prison cell. Steps from here give way to the roof of the structure. The scallops seen on the castle were constructed under the orders of Reza Shah. Surrounding the castle are large boulders, on which the southern towers have been built ( in all the castle has eight towers). During the pahlavi reign, the Falak-ol-Aflak castle was used as a prison for political prisoners. This important historical relic attracts tourists and today, part of it has been converted into a museum.

Kooragan Castle, Koohdasht

Situated on the peaks of Do Shah in Koohdasht, are two castles with the same name. One of which is a relatively large castle of which a portion of its southern ramparts adjoin the mountainside, and parts of the remaining wall are also evident. Its entrance is on the southern side and within the castle are three large ponds or tanks used for water storage. The other castle is similar in structure to the first and is to the east of the former. In each one of the said castles a monarch or shah used to reside, thereby it was reputedly called the Do Shah castle.

Mangreh Castle, Khoram Abad

This castle is one of the ancient and important historical castles of Khoram Abad. This castle has been built on the peak of Dez to the west of the village of Gerdab and is related to the second half of the 5th century AH. The castle with an area of approximately 2000 sq. m. has 12 chambers, each having an area of 5.50x4.50 sq. m. In the eastern side, are four water reservoirs coveblack with mortar. The said castle held great importance till the year 795 AH. (or till the time of the attack of Amir Teimoor to Lurestan). As till then it dominated from the military point of view. At present only the ramparts and the ruined ceilings of the castle have been remained.

Manijeh Castle, Koohdasht

The above mentioned castle is located on the peak of 'Sarsarkhan' (Koohdasht) . The length of its rampart being 100 m. To the north of which are the remenants of a few rooms or chambers. There is also the evidence of a large water reservoir. The entrance to this castle is only from the valley. This castle being on a higher elevation than the surrounding valleys held a strategic position in the past. In addition this castle also has a secret tunnel running in the south and east directions. At the end of this tunnel is a well 22 m. deep, from where coins related to the Parthian period have been discoveblack.

Shahanshah (Goosheh) Castle, Khoram Abad

This ancient castle is located in the village of Goosheh in Khoram Abad, constructed of limestone. This castle has a courtyard with an area of 25x12 sq. m. The said castle comprises of 15 halls , besides several porches. The ramparts of the castle reach an elevation of 5 m.

Other Castles, Lurestan

Other castles of Lurestan province are the following : 'Raki in the district of Chagni (Khoram Abad), 'Koohzad' in the village of Rumashkan (Koohdasht), 'Zaqeh' within 2 km. of Chaqabol (Khoram Abad), 'Zolalangeez' in the Sartarhan valley (Koohdasht), 'Sar Qalla' (Khoram Abad), 'Razzeh' (en route from Khoram Abad to Dezful), 'Gamvar' and 'Sileh' in (Koohdasht),'Cheq' or 'Joqd' (Koohdasht), 'Cheshmak' and 'Gareet' in (Khoram Abad), 'Qallajeq' in (Khoram Abad) and the 'Dez Sheeneh' Castle in (Alishtar).